Five Law of Library Science by SR Ranganathan | Five Laws of Library and Information Science
Shiyali Ramamrit Ranganathan is
the father of Indian Library Science, noted as a great thinker of Library
Science. His original ideas have given a new direction by creating a revolution
in the field of the library. The PanchaLaws of Library Sciences is the first
among their notable contributions.
Ranganathan first rendered
these formulas in 1931 at Meenakshi College, Annamalinagar. The whole purpose of the library is included in these five sources.
These Five Law of Library Science is as follows:
#01. Books are for use.
#02. Every reader his/her book
or Books are for all.
#03. Every book his/her reader.
#04. Save the time of the
reader.
#05. The library is a growing
organism.
Ranganathan considers these
five Law as the basic principle and ideal principles in each area of library
work. These five law of library science is as relevant today as it was in 1931.
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| Five Law of Library Science |
First Law of Library Science - Books are for use
Dr. Ranganathan has given five
laws of library science. The first of which describes the formula It is
being done here. The first book of Library science insists that books should be
used extensively. In his first Law, the books and Ranganathan have clearly
stated - "The book is for use.
To follow the first law,
Ranganathan has emphasized the following points.
(i) Location determination of
the library: The location of the library should be determined at a place that
centers of cities, colleges, and colleges should be established.
Readers do not have to face
many inconveniences and the library can be used in its short time.
(ii) Open access system: The
importance of a free access system in libraries is important to protect the
first Law. The use of the book will definitely increase when the reader will go
to the book rack on his own free will.
We see that in the present time
the common man is also more interested in shopping in a shop or shopping mall
with an unobstructed entry system due to time constraints.
In a closed access system, the
reader has to go to the bookstore and It is not allowed to choose the intended
text. Therefore, the use of books will increase with the help of the free entry
system.
(iii) Shelf Arrangement: The
classified arrangement saves the reader time as he gets all the available texts
related to the subject in one place and does not have to wander in many places.
This increases the possibility of using books.
(iv) Classification and
cataloging: Listing is a tool that helps the readers and Provides information
to the staff regarding the material stored in the library and tells them where
a book is kept. Of course, a well-updated competent up-to-date list helps in
saving time for the students and employees. This gives the reader access to
books. This increases the possibility of using books.
(V) Arrangement in auxiliary
order: - By arranging in helpful sequence, the reader saves time because he/she
also gets the book of the subject related to the subject, all the available
texts are accessible in one place and do not wander in many places.
Arranging in the auxiliary
order means keeping the auxiliary subjects around, such as keeping history
books with politics, sociology, books of biology with chemistry, physics. This
increases the possibility of using books.
(vi) Bibliography: A variety of
bibliography lists are produced and published every day which helps employees
and readers in choosing the course material.
Therefore, they must be
purchased in the library. In addition to this, the libraries should create
bibliographies and reading lists as per the requirement of the readers or on
possible use. With this, the use of books can be increased.
(vii) Guides: The readers can also
be facilitated by placing necessary guides at the main entrance of the library,
in the Stack room and in the list, etc. And their time can be saved. This will
increase the use of books.
(viii) Reference service: The
need for informal personal support is also felt in the library with a list of
classified arrangements and several guides. This is called the reference
service.
The main reason for this is the
complexity of the classification method and the list. Undoubtedly, the time
lost of readers can be protected by competent reference service and they can be
made aware of the importance of library service. This increases the use of
books.
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| Five Law of Library Science by dr. Ranganathan |
Second Law of Library Science: Every reader his/her book or
Books are for all
The second law of library
science insists that books should be given to its readers, that is, if the book
is in the library, then its readers should get it.
The Second Law of Library
Science insists that books are omnipresent, ie books are for everyone and not
for a particular class.
In the olden times, only rich
people were able to read the book, but through this formula, Ranganathan
emphasized the right to read the book to everyone. A second formula that
Ranganathan has emphasized on the following things to protect.
For the implementation of the second thread of library science, it is necessary to pay attention to the
following:
1. The obligation of state -
It is the responsibility of the governments to get the readers their books
first.
2. The obligation of library authority: It is the responsibility of the governments to get the readers their
books first, but the library authority is not useful enough for the role of the
library readers to be useful in this, important then the readers are
indifferent.
To be because even if the book
readers do not get the library, its authorization will get the book, if not the
books will be available and if the book is found then the book will be
purchased. Be this type and whatever, The role of library authority is also
very important in this.
It can be described as:
(1) Book selection - The
library authority should select the books according to the needs of the readers
such that if the majority of the readers of a library are of Hindi medium, then
the book of Hindi medium should be selected.
(ii) Staff selection - Library
authority has a great responsibility to make the right selection of staff.
Qualification of a library worker should be at least library science. Only the
right employee can reach his readers.
3. Open Access system - These
systems are of two types: open gate system and closed-door system.
(a) In the open door system,
the readers themselves go to the rack in the library and take the book.
(b) They are given books in the
closed-door system. The authority has to make readers find the
book as they wish. However, open door systems are more effective.
4. Extension service: library
service from one place to another Delivery service is called extension service.
Through extension service, a librarian can easily reach the reader. Every book
gets its readers
Third Law of Library Science: Every Book its Readers
The third law of library
science is related to the texts like the first law and the second The formula
is complementary. According to this law, every book should get its readers
accordingly. To satisfy this law, many tips are adopted in modern
texts, which are described in this way.
1. Book Selection: The third
law advises the Granthalayi to select only those books. Which most readers are
likely to read. It is advisable to ask for such texts which are demanded by a
few readers instead of purchasing them.
2. Open Access system: In
modern texts, by adopting the free access system, readers are allowed to test each book and thus most of the books get readers.
3. Classified Arrangement: If
the texts are arranged according to the rules in a logical and supportive
classified order, then most of the texts are likely to get readers.
4. Display of new books: By
displaying the new books separately they are also likely to get readers as soon
as possible. Therefore, the library should display the new books on the display
board so that the readers can be attracted to that book.
5. Changes in Shelf
Arrangement: Periodic Funding Changes in the administration also make the
possibility of establishing a connection between readers and texts. In such a
situation, many books which are left out of the eyes of the readers, come out
6. Catalog: List which proves
useful in getting each text its readers.
7. Reference service -
The connection is established in texts and texts by competent and supportive
personal service.
Fourth Law of Library Science: Save the time of the reader or Save the time of the user/reader
Dr. Ranganathan has given five
Laws of library science. Out of which the fourth law “Save the time of the
users” is very important. At the present time, everyone is short of time, so
through this formula, Ranganathan saheb has tried not to waste too much time of
the readers in the library so that Readers frequent library usage.
The fourth Law of Library
science also approaches the second law on behalf of the readers. If the mental
hunger of the readers is not calmed down immediately, then it is destroyed.
Both the thematic and tribunal type of time should be saved for the reader.
Along with this, saving time of the students should also save the time of the employees. In fact, this Law emphasizes to provide maximum facilities to the readers through reforms in library administration and operations.
Along with this, saving time of the students should also save the time of the employees. In fact, this Law emphasizes to provide maximum facilities to the readers through reforms in library administration and operations.
Ranganathan has clearly stated
in his fourth law that- "Save the time of the reader" Save the time
of the user (Readers), it is necessary to pay attention to these things to
protect the fourth Law of Library Science.
1. Location of the Library: The
location of the library should be determined at a place that can be set up
especially in the center of a city or university or college.
So that students or students of
nearby colleges do not have to face many inconveniences and can use the library
in a short time.
Public Library can also be
established near major markets or stations etc. so that the least time of
readers are lost in reaching the library.
It is recommended to set up
branch libraries in big cities and mobile library services in rural areas. In
short, it is said that no time is lost for any reader to reach the library.
2. Open access system: The free
access system in the library has been practiced only by the influence of the
fourth law. In the Closed Access System, the reader is not allowed to enter the
text repository and select the desired text.
Hence, the reader chooses the
book with the help of the catalog and is waiting until the list is discovered.
If the text is not found, the reader may prove inappropriate even if the book
is found with the help of the list again.
3. Shelf Arrangement: The
reader's time decay is protected by graded arranging by subject as all
available texts related to the subject become accessible in one place and do
not have to wander in many places. To be a part of the fourth Law, books of
various subjects can also be arranged in the same order, books which are in
high demand such as fiction stories, novels, dramas, poems, life characters,
etc.
circulation counter Should be
placed first near and the rest later as required. This will save readers time.
4. Cataloging and
classification: Listing is a tool that provides information to the students and
employees regarding the contents of the library and tell them where a book is
kept. Undoubtedly, a well-built up-to-date list helps in saving time for the
students and employees.
In the list, especially in the
absence of subject analytical entries, readers lose time. It takes more time to
build these reputations. But if they are not built, then the time of many
readers is destroyed again.
5. Bibliography: Nowadays many
types of bibliography lists are produced and published which help employees and
readers in choosing the textual content.
Therefore, they must be
purchased in the library. In addition to this, the libraries should create
bibliographies and reading lists as per the requirement of the readers or on
possible use.
6. Guides: Readers can be
facilitated and their time can be saved by placing necessary guides in the
stock room at the main entrance of the library and in the list etc. as
required. Most of the guides are needed in the stock room. Ranganathan has
discussed several types of directories such as (i) planning guides (ii) signal
directories (iii) funding guides and (iv) book tag.
Fifth Law of Library Science: The library is a growing organism
The fifth Law of Library science
is mainly related to Library planning and organization. By the way, everyone
knows that only a developing organization can survive, otherwise they end.
In Ranganathan's words, "A
developing organization absorbs new material, abandons old material, changes
its shape and takes on a new appearance and form.
There are two types of library
development:
(i) Child Growing
(ii) Adult growth
All the libraries are in their
early stage of child development and after some understanding, they reach the
adult development stage. But the National Library always remains in the stage
of child development.
The library has three
components.
1. Books Development
2. Development of readers
3. Employee Development
4. Development of library
building: When books and readers increase, it is natural that library building
will also increase.
5. Technology development:
Digital libraries and virtual libraries are being developed through the computer.
.
Ranganathan considered these
five Laws as the basic principle and ideal principles in each area of the library
work. This PanchLaw is as relevant today as it was in 1931. The correct
development of library service can also be done by making these formulas the
basis.
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