What is "Fair Use" in Library Science? | what is fair use copyright?

 What is "Fair Use" in Library Science?

The principle of "fair use" allows users of copyrighted works to reproduce and reuse the copyrighted works in ways that are considered fair – such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research.

If we understand in the general sense, fair use is the copying of copyrighted material for a limited and "transformative" purpose, such as to comment on, criticize or parody the copyrighted work. Such uses may be made without the permission of the copyright owner.

Fair use allows the use of copyrighted material in certain circumstances without the permission of the copyright holder. For libraries, Information Centre, educational organizations/Institution, and the public uses, the fair use principle is the most important limitation on the rights of the copyright owner—the “safety valve”

In other words, fair use of any material is a defense against a claim of copyright infringement. If your use qualifies as fair use, it will not be considered a violation.

The Four Factors of Fair Use

Copyright law provides four factors to consider whether the use of copyrighted works is fair:

I. What is the purpose and character of the use of the Content: Fair use includes whether its use is of a commercial nature, or for non-profit educational purposes.

II. Nature of the copyrighted work: whether it is factual or creative in nature

III. Quantity and adequacy of the portion used: with respect to the copyrighted work as a whole

IV. Also includes the effect of the use on the potential market or value of the copyrighted work.

Note: The distinction between what is fair use and what is infringement in a particular case will not always be clear or easily defined.

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